NEWSLETTER
Number
One March 1996
Message
from the President.
Stop Press
Membership Commitee
Report
Nominations Commitee
Report
EAPD Bruges - Update
Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Gesellschaft Fur Kinderzahnheil Kunde Und Primarprophlaxe
Bulgarian - Hellenic
Meeting
ABSTRACTS AND REVIEWS
SECTION
ADVERTISING
Message
from the President.
 ![]() In a few months we will meet in
Bruges, Belgium for the 3rd Congress of the European
Academy of Paediatric Dentistry. I hope that you are all
prepared to go and enjoy the highly scientific programme,
the outstanding social activities and a great
hospitality. Professor Luc Martens and his team will make
this congress another pearl in the row of our congresses.
Thank you for all your work. In the last message, I presented an
invitation to an open discussion on Quality Assurance in
Paediatric Dentistry which has met with interest. The
meeting will take place on Saturday 8th June from 11 to 12
am. The room will be announced at the Congress. All
interested are welcome.
And what has
happened concerning establishing the speciality in
Paediatric Dentistry in Europe? During a three year
period ending in 1998, I have been elected member of the
Advisory Committee on the Training of Dental
Practitioners of the Commission Europeene. There I
represent the expertise from the practising professions
in Sweden. This committee has a working party on the
training of dentists. At a meeting on 9th November 1995
the committee added some terms of reference to the
working party which means that the work now will
concentrate on specialisation in dentistry. The terms of
reference of interest are:
-
To establish
the clinical proficiencies required for the
practice of the specialisation in orthodontics in
the Member States of the European Union
-
To establish
the clinical proficiencies required for the
practice of the specialisation in oral surgery in
the Member States of the European Union
-
To identify the
other specialisations in dentistry existing in
the Member States
I will keep in touch
with you and report any progress in this very important
area.This will be my last message to you as president of
our organisation. When I was honoured by the appointment
in Athens 1994, I was filled with enthusiasm and ideas
about the future and development of the Academy. Now, two
years later, I am happy to sum up that we have been
developing in a very good way. It has been a wonderful
experience.Thank you all on the Board, on the Committees,
the councillors and members for outstanding co-operation
during my presidency.
Goran
Koch
Stop Press:
EAPD
CONGRESS AT BRUGES 1996
8th to 11th June 1996
Over
350 replies received from 33 countries. 138 abstracts
forwarded to the Scientific Committee. Remarkably Eastern
Europe is prominently represented with delegates from
Poland, The Czech Republic, Slovenia, Kroatia, Bulgaria
and Romania. Enrolment forms have come from Australia,
New Zealand and Taiwan meaning that a lot of overseas
people will attend too! A meeting comparable with Athens
1994 with about 300 delegates, is in sight. Hotel rooms
will be despatched on a 'first come, first served' basis.
Further
details from the Congress Organiser-Secretary:
Prof. Luc Martens Dept. Paediatric
Dentistry De Pintelaan 185 9000 Gent, Belgium-Europe Tel:
(+32) 9 240 40 00 Fax: (+32) 9 240 38 51
Membership Commitee
Report
Current
Membership
The membership continues to grow and at the end
of February there were 303 members. The numbers and
categories of membership are as follows:
ACTIVE 221
ASSOCIATE 35
HONORARY 4
STUDENT 30
OTHERS 13
The category of
'Others' includes dentists who have applied for
membership and corresponding members in other
organisations (AAPD, CAPD, AuAPD) with whom we have a
correspondence for information purposes.
Members in
Default of their Subscriptions
There are a small number of members who are in default of
their subscriptions for the year 1994. These presently
now owe for the years 1994 and 1995. Those not making a
payment by April 30th 1996 will lose their membership.
Applications
Application forms are available from the Secretary and
members are reminded that forms should be signed by two
paid up members. Applications must be in English and be
accompanied by a short curriculum vitae of no more than
two pages.
*There are still
some countries with few members in the Academy
Nominations Commitee
Report
This year, for the
first time, the Nominations Committee has been formed and
given the task of seeking nominations from members for
the various Council and Committee posts that will need to
be appointed at the General Assembly next June llth. The
Council posts that need to be considered are:
President-Elect
(who will become President in 1998)
Secretary
Treasurer
Terms of Office are
for two years. In addition the present members of
Committees (with the exception of the new Nominations
Committee) have been in office for four years. These
committees have worked well and completed a great deal of
work on behalf of the members. Council decided in 1994 to
keep the existing committees but to seek new members in
1996. Therefore the Nominations Committee welcomes
nominations for the following Committees:
Membership
and Credentials
Education
Constitution
There is a need to
consider the appointment of a Budget and Finance
Committee and also a Research Committee now that the
Academy is growing in size. Nominations are also welcomed
for these two Committees. The membership of each
committee and the numbers to be appointed are given in
the Constitution and each member should have a copy of
this booklet. More copies are available from the
Secretary.
EAPD Bruges - Update
Research Abstracts
This year there have been
over 136 abstracts submitted for consideration by the
Scientific Congress Committee.As before, each abstract
has been reviewed by a number of scientists and scored on
the scale 1.0 (poor),1.5, 2.0,2.5, and 3.0 (excellent).
Each abstract has also been designated by each reviewer
for presentation as an ORAL POSTER (with discussion) or
POSTER (without discussion). Abstracts may also have been
rejected if they were badly presented and did not follow
the recommended requirements for presentation, if they
were of no scientific interest or if they were not in any
way related to Paediatric Dentistry The final assessment
has been made by averaging the scores of the reviewers.
The judgement of the
committee is final. Authors will be advised of the
outcome of the assessment of their abstract shortly. This
large number of abstracts is very encouraging and
indicates that there will be excellent presentations and
discussions at the Congress. Such a large number of
submitted abstracts shows an increasing importance of the
EAPD Congresses in Europe. In size and scope we are now
on a level with some much older and prestigious dental
organisations in Europe.
Symposia There will be a number of
Symposia presented at the EAPD Congress. Because we are
concerned with the dental care of children throughout
Europe we shall be featuring an important special
symposium on the Dental Needs of The European Child. This
will be led by the President, Professor Goran Koch, and
will feature three speakers, from Sweden (Dr Brolin), The
Netherlands (Dr Kalsbbek) and Denmark (Professor
Peterson). Dental Caries is declining in many areas of
Europe but not in all. There is also some preliminary
evidence that even where caries has declined this has now
ceased or significantly slowed. In addition there is also
a worrying sign that for some populations of pre-school
children, the decay (d) component is increasing while the
filled (f) component, of the overall mean dmfs scores, is
declining.The indication is that there will be an
increasing reluctance,for financial reasons, on the part
of general dental practitioners to restore decayed
primary teeth. With these great financial pressures on
dentistry in general throughout Europe, the Dental Needs
of the Child need particular attention. This timely
Symposium will provide a forum for discussion of these
problems.
Conference Report
Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the
Gesellschaft Fur Kinderzahnheil Kunde Und Primarprophlaxe
The Annual Meeting Of The Gesellschaft
Fur Kinderzahnheil Kunde Und Primarprophlaxe in the
Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Zahn-,Mund-, und
Kieferheikunde, was held in Leipzig on 3rd and 4th
November 1995. For the first time such an important event
took place in the new Bundeslaender providing lots of
opportunities for dentists of the new Bundeslaender to
meet their colleagues from the old Bundeslaender. The
addresses given by Professur Klaus Pieper (first Chairman of the
Society), by Dezernent Dr JÏrgen Zimmerman (Administrator for Health
and Social Affairs at the Leipzig Town Council), Dr Siegwart Peters
(Vice President of the DGZMK) and by Professor Alfred Treide (Managing
Director of the Centre for Dental, Oral and Orthodontic Health at
Leipzig University and Scientific head of the meeting) pointed out
that children, their health care and its promotion have to play an
outstanding role in our modern society. After careful consideration
two main topics were selected for discussion: 'epidemiology of dental
disease in children and'the handicapped child'. They reflect the most
important current problems in dental care of the younger generation.
Epidemiology
of Dental Disease in Children
Epidemiological surveys are of fundamental importance for the
development of prophylactic and therapeutic care strategies. Can the
tendency of caries decline - as it has been observed in other industrial
nations - be found in the Federal Republic as well? This question was to
be discussed. In the two main papers read by Professor Walter KÏnzel,
Erfurt, and Professor Klaus Pieper, Marburg, the scientists agreed that
a caries decline has become more than just a hope, it has become an
epidemiological reality in Germany. In the 12 year olds a marked
increase in DMFT values could be registered. This seems to be the result
of a whole system of prophylactic measures. However there is a drop of
bitterness: the percentage of naturally healthy teeth in the whole
primary teeth population has fallen and there is an increasing number of
failing treatments. On this background, Dr Gisela Graessler and
Professor Gisela Hetzer, Dresden, drew dentists' attention to primary
teeth as well as permanent teeth.
Continuous and
age-specific forms in prophylactic curative treatments are required. A
study on the effectiveness of young patients' dental care in Berlin (Dr
Andrea Lehmann et al) supports these ideas of an integration of a young
patients' dental clinic with age-specific measures. PD Dr Ulrich
Schiffner et al, Hamburg, state in the rÅsumÅ that prophylactic group
measures in childhood should be accompanied by and continued in decent
individual care. Looking back on 30 years of collective, group and
individual prophylactic treatment, Dr Martin Buettner, Basel, stated
that fluoride prophylactic measures are most essential. This holds true
for both collective prophylaxis, as in the fluoridation of drinking
water, and for group and individual prophylaxis measuresThe papers on
epidemiology were continued in an illustrative poster
presentation. There was general agreement that the number
of teeth requiring dental treatment and the number of
naturally healthy teeth depend on the time and quality of
preventive measures. In a concurrent poster session,
caries risk and its predictability by bacterial andnon-bacterial parameters were
discussed. Non-bacterial saliva characteristics
accompanied by microbiological studies can contribute to
a differentiation of caries risk on an individual level.
In both sessions social risk factors were discussed
extensively, as in the papers by Professor Annerose
Borutta et al, Erfurt, and Wolfgang Kaplick et al, Celle..
The Handicapped Child
The second day was exclusively devoted to the topic of
the handicapped child. It is essential that an access to
continuous and prophylactic treatment must be guaranteed
to protect the patients concerned from further diseases
resulting from existing damages. PD Dr Dipl -Psych Almut
Makuch compared the psychological development of
so-called normally healthy children with specific and
typical forms of damage and their effects on personality
development of handicapped children which may aid
approaches to treatment. Regarding the social
environment, PD Dr Dieter Muessig, Erlanger, described
development of the face under the influence of different
forms of handicaps and resulting myotherapeutic measures.
Professor Manfred Waurick, Halle, elucidated the
interrelation between physical and mental handicap and
their effects on the masticatory organs, taking the
symptoms of cerebral paresis as an impressive example, as
the consistency and retention time of food in the mouth
can be seen in connection with the development of the
manoeuvrability of tongue,cheeks and lips.
Another important
subject was specific therapeutic measures for handicapped
children. The papers covered antibiotic endocarditis
propylaxis for children with innate heart defects (Walter
Knirsch et al, Berlin) as well as dental treatment under
intubation anaesthesia (Dr Andreas Filippi et al,
Gieben). In the following poster session Dr Sabine
Rostock reported on paediatric dental treatment for
patients with cheiloghathouranoschisis. Further aspects
of this disease were discussed in studies on the
registration of gingival malformation and jaw development
as well as changes in enamel composition.
Free Topics
In a separate poster session a large variety of free
topicswere offered.Most of the papers were concerned with
problems of preservation and care of primary and
permanent teeth damaged in accidents (Kurt Ebelseder et
al, Graz: Joerg Handschel, et al, Muenster: Jango Pohl et
al, GieÞen: Egbert Koerperich et al, Berlin). The free
papers presented in the block session covered mainly
aspects of filling therapy in primary teeth (Dr Ariane
Reeka et al, Munich; Dr Norbert Kraemar et al, Erlangen).
In a following seminar conducted by Dr Norbert Kraemar
the topicality of this subject was emphasised. All in all
the three seminars offering topics relevant to practising
dentists were highly appreciated. The great demand
reflects the interest in improving the patients'
treatment in the surgery and clinic.
To sum up, the
meeting in Liepzig could help to stimulate discussion and
everyday treatment.
Almut
Makuch
Bulgarian - Hellenic
Meeting
The 1st Bulgarian-Hellenic Meeting
held by the Paediatric Dentistry Societies of the 2
countries was held in Sandanski, Bulgaria on 17-19
November. About sixty Paediatric Dentists and General
Practitioners working with children, from each country
attended the Meeting. The Meeting was composed of two
parts. The first dealt with the presentation of the
educational system of each country: under- and
post-graduate. The second dealt with the role and
contribution of the specialty of Paediatric Dentistry in
the extent of the two National Health Systems in Greece
and Bulgaria
The speakers from Greece were:
Professors Baltas, Kouvelas, Louloudiadis, Oulis,
Papagiannoulis and Dr Viglas, and from Bulgaria
Professors Atanassov, Kalbaktchieva, Peneva, Todorova and
Sharkov. The Meeting proved to be very productive and
enhanced the co-operation between the two neighbouring
countries. The
next Meeting will be held in Northern Greece.
Lisa
Papagiannoulis
ABSTRACTS AND REVIEWS
SECTION
Stephen Fayle
Premature loss of maxillary
primary incisors: Effect on speech production.
Ott Gable T,
Kummer AW, Lee L, Creaghead NA, Moore LJ. J Dent Child
1995; 62:173-179 This well designed study aimed to
investigate the effect that premature loss of primary
incisors might have on speech development. Twenty six
children, all of whom had all four maxillary central and
lateral incisors extracted before age five, were followed
up and tested for speech quality and articulation several
years later. All had four permanent maxillary incisors
present at the time of testing. A group of twenty six
similar children, all with a history of normal
exfoliation of primary maxillary incisors, were used as
controls. The premature loss group produced more
articulation errors than the group with normal
exfoliation, but this difference was slight and did not
prove to be statistically significant. The authors
conclude that early loss of primary incisors is unlikely
to have any long-term effect on speech development.
Localising
maxillary canines using dental panoramic tomography.
Fox NA et al. Brit Dent J 1995;179: 416-420
This paper describes
and tests a novel method of localising the position of
maxillary canines from dental panoramic tomographic
radiographs (DPTs). The technique is based on the
principle that the radiographic image of a tooth will
become magnified if it becomes further from the film
plane and diminished if it is nearer. Based on this, the
image of a canine that is palatally placed should look
magnified in relation to the image of adjacent teeth,
and, conversely, if the canine were buccally placed, its
image should appear reduced in size. To test this
hypothesis the investigators selected one hundred cases
where both DPTs and vertex occlusal radiographs had been
taken. The DPT only was jointly viewed by two examiners
who subjectively determined the buccopalatal position of
each unerupted or partially erupted canine by assessment
of the horizontal magnification of the tooth image. The
accuracy of this prediction was then calculated using the
true position of the teeth as assessed on the vertex
occlusal radiograph. The prediction based on the DPT
alone was accurate in 76% of cases overall (104 out of
136) and accurately identified 82% of palatally placed
canines. The technique was, however, of no value in
evaluating root position. The authors conclude that image
magnification and distortion on DPTs is a useful guide to
the position of the crowns of unerupted canines, but that
further radiographic views are still necessary to
accurately locate and assess their position.
Comparison
of preoperative ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and placebo
administration on the parental report of post-extraction
pain in children.
Primosch RE,
Nichols DL, Courts FJ. Pediatr Dent 1995;17:187-191
The aim of this
study was to compare the efficacy of the preoperative
administration of ibuprofen, acetaminophen,and a placebo
in reducing post-extraction pain in children. Sixty
children, aged between two and ten years,requiring
primary teeth extractions, were selected to participate.
Patients were randomly assigned to receive one of the
three pretreatment drugs. Parental reports of each
child's pain and use of analgesics during the immediate
seven hour post-operative period was elicited by
telephone the day after extraction. Thirty five percent
of patients were reported to have experienced
post-extraction pain. Of these, 52% received
post-operative analgesics for pain relief (18% of the
total). Although there was a trend toward reduced
post-extraction pain as reported by the parents, the
preoperative administration of neither analgesic was
found to be statistically superior by chi-square analysis
to placebo administration.
Pediatric dentist's attitudes
regarding parental presence during dental procedures.
Marcum BK,
Turner C, Courts FJ. Pediatr Dent 1995;17: 432-36. The aims of this study were
to determine how often Pediatric Dentists permit parental
presence in the surgery during children s dental visits,
and to investigate the variables which might affect their
decision. A questionnaire was circulated to 91 paediatric
dentists practising in Florida, USA. 90 questionnaires
were returned. The results indicated that within this
group of dentists there was an increasing trend towards
allowing parents to be present in the dental operatory.
During a new patient examination, parents were allowed to
be present by 90% of respondents when the child was four
years old or younger and 79% of the respondents when the
child was older than four. Parents were less likely to be
admitted during treatment procedures, 40% of dentists
excluding parents of children four and under and 47% of
dentists excluding the parents of older children.
Pediatric dentists who excluded parents exhibited
significant agreement with certain statements, including
"wastes time", "disrupts the child"
and "makes dentist uncomfortable".
Fissure
sealants: A four year clinical trial comparing an
experimental glass polyalkenoate cement with a bis
glycidyl methacrylate resin used as fissure sealants.
Williams B,
Laxton L, Holt RD, Winter GB. Brit Dent J
1996;180:104-108.
The aim of this
study was to compare the retention and cariostatic
properties of a new experimental 1ow viscosity glass
polyalkenoate cement (a development of Fuji III, G C
Dental) with those of a second generation bis GMA fissure
sealant (Delton, Johnson & Johnson) over a four year
period. A half mouth study design was utilised, a total
of 860 sealants being applied to newly erupted first
permanent molars in 228 children. Each individual had one
material applied to first molars on one side of the mouth
and the other material to first molars on the other side.
Of these children 157 were reviewed at two years and 117
were reviewed at four years. The glass polyalkenoate was
only fully retained in 12 teeth (4%) at two years and 9
teeth (4%) at four years. In contrast retention of the
bis GMA sealant was 79% at two years and 61% at four
years. In spite of this difference in retention, no
significant difference in cariostasis could be
demonstrated between the two materials. The authors
conclude that this suggests that glass polyalkenoate
cements may produce a cariostatic effect even though
their retention is poor, and that this effect may be
related to the ability of these materials to act as a
"fluoride reservoir".
The
Handicapped Child
A. Makuch,
Centre for dental, oral and orthodontal health at Leipzig
University
Having tried to
define and also to relate the concepts of
"handicap" and "damage", which are
treated in recent literature in different ways, we give
an introduction into the topic "handicapped children
/ young people". The psychic development of
so-called normal and healthy children is compared with
specific typical forms of damages, and their effects on
the personality development are described. In which
fields is compensation possible to make up for a
deficiency of cognition, of relations of the individual
to reality and of practical and mental activity in
preventive and therapeutical measures shall be pointed
out for the clinically practising dentist.
ADVERTISING
"THE MEDICALLY COMPROMISED CHILD"
The
Royal Gollege of Surgeans in Ireland
Stephen's Green
Dublin 2
Friday
10th May 1996
The
deadline for application is March 29th 1998
Howeuer early applicatlon is advised
Please
return carnpleted application form and cheque to:
Dr Padraig Fleming
department of Child Dental Health
Dublin Dental Hospital
Lincoln Place
Dubixn 2
LEEDS ALUMNI IN
PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY
Biannual
Reunion.
Sunday
9th June 1996
at
Bruges Belgium
In conjunction with the Third Congress of the
European Acaderny of Paediatric Dentistry
The
time and venue will be arranged
and will be available at the cngress
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