VII.1. Cephalometrics
Competent to :
- identify relevant anatomical structures on cephalograms
- perform several cephalometric diagnostic analyses on tracings
- validity and limitation of growth prediction including computerized prediction
Knowledge of :
limitations of cephalograms and their analyses.
VII.2. Orthodontic biomechanics
Competent to :
- understand basic principles of statics and mechanics of materials
- estimate forces produced by specific orthodontic appliances used for preventive and interceptive purposes
Knowledge of :
effect of different types of force application and force magnitude on cells and tissues
Familiar with :
the property and composition of orthodontic materials
VII.3. Aetiology and treatment
1. Aetiology of malocclusion.
Knowledge of :
- genetic and environmental factors that influence post-natal development of the dentition and facial growth
- unfavorable influence of environmental factors and their interception
- different modes of breathing
Familiar with :
- normal and abnormal speech
- various ways of swallowing
- the process of mastication
2. Diagnostic procedures.
Competent to :
- perform a thorough clinical and radiographic examination including determination of habitual occlusion
- evaluate functional occlusion and different jaw relationships of patients
- evaluate influence of functional components of soft tissues on dentofacial morphology
- predict the likely effect on growth and development of face and dentition if no therapy is implemented
3. Iatrogenic effects of orthodontic treatment.
Familiar with :
- possible influence of treatment on temporomandibular joints
- effect of different types of treatment on dental caries risk and periodontal tissues in the long run .factors involved in root resorption
- possible influence of treatment on dentofacial appearance and aesthetics
VII.4. Orthodontic techniques
1. Removable appliances.
Competent to :
- indication, design and use of removable appliances
- construct and repair removable appliances
Knowledge of :
potential and limitation of removable appliances
2. Functional appliances.
Familiar with :
- indication, design and use of functional appliances
- potential and limitation of functional appliances
3. Extra-oral appliances.
Knowledge of :
- indication, design and use of various types of headgears, facial masks, chin-caps and combined extra-oral/functional appliances
- potential and limitation of these appliances
4. Partial fixed appliances.
Knowledge of :
- indication and application of partial fixed appliances (e.g. lingual, palatal and vestibular arches, maxillary expansion devices and partially banded/bonded dental arches)
- potential and limitation of different approaches in partial fixed appliance therapy
5. Fixed appliances.
Familiar with :
- indication and application of fixed appliances.
- different concepts and treatment approaches in design and biomechanical principles of fixed appliance therapy
- potential and limitation of different appliance systems
6. Retention appliances.
Knowledge of :
- indication and contra-indication, design and use of retention appliances
- potential and limitation of retention appliances
- the most appropriate duration of retention
VII.5. Multidisciplinary treatment procedures
1. Cleft palate treatment.
Knowledge of :
- multidisciplinary approaches in the treatment of cleft palate patients
- indication, timing and application of multidisciplinary treatment of cleft palate patients
- specific aspects of orthodontic treatment in cleft palate patients
2. Orthodontic-periodontal treatment.
Knowledge of :
- indication and contra-indication of orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised dentitions
- specific aspects of orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised dentitions
- contribution of orthodontic treatment to the periodontal condition of patients
3. Multiple aplasia
Knowledge of :
multidisciplinary approaches in the treatment of children with multiple aplasia
4. Physiology and pathophysiology of the stomatognathic system.
Familiar with :
- normal and abnormal functional occlusion of the dentition
- normal and abnormal behavior of soft tissue structures
- normal and abnormal functioning of the temporomandibular joint
- diagnostic procedures regarding the temporomandibular joint
- treatment procedures of temporomandibular joint disorders
VII.6. Clinical experience
Competent to :
- diagnose and treat or make appropriate referral of singular conditions in the primary and developing permanent dentition including, but not limited to :
- anterior and posterior space and tooth loss
- transient or definitive crowding and irregularity of the teeth
- oral habits
- ectopic eruption
- anterior/posterior crossbite
- diastema closing by using simple fixed or removable appliances
- diagnose the right timing to refer a patient to an orthodontist
Familiar with :
the techniques used for the orthodontic treatment of malocclusion.
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